CAS No 1397-89-3 , (1S,3R,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E,16E,18S,19R,20R,21S,25R,27R,30R,31R,33S,35R,
37S,38R)-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-4-amino-3,
5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-19,25,27,30,31,33,35,
37-octahydroxy-18,20,21-trimethyl-23-oxo-22,
39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-4,6,8,10,12,14,
16-heptaene-38-carboxylic acid

Title: Amphotericin B
CAS Registry Number: 1397-89-3
Trademarks: Fungizone (BMS); Fungilin (BMS); Ampho-Moronal (BMS)
Molecular Formula: C47H73NO17
Molecular Weight: 924.08
Percent Composition: C 61.09%, H 7.96%, N 1.52%, O 29.43%
Literature References: Polyene antibiotic produced by Streptomycetes nodosus M4575 obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela: Gold et al., Antibiot. Annu. 1955-1956, 579; Vandeputte et al., ibid. 587; Dutcher et al., ibid. 1956-1957, 866; Walters et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 79, 5076 (1957); Dutcher et al., US 2908611 (1959 to Olin Mathieson). Structure studies: Borowski et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 1965, 473. Carbon skeleton, ring size, and partial structure: Cope et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 4228 (1966). Complete structure: Mechlinski et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 1970, 3873; Borowski et al., ibid. 3909; R. C. Pandey, K. L. Rinehart, J. Antibiot. 29, 1035 (1976). Total synthesis: K. C. Nicolaou et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 109, 2821 (1987). Toxicity: G. R. Keim et al., Science 179, 584 (1973). Comprehensive description: I. M. Asher et al., Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. 6, 1-42 (1977). Review of clinical experience: H. A. Gallis et al., Rev. Infect. Dis. 12, 308-329 (1990); of lipid formulations: J. W. Hiemenz, T. J. Walsh, Clin. Infect. Dis. 22, Suppl. 2, S133-S144 (1996). Review: K. M. Abu-Salah, Br. J. Biomed. Sci. 53, 122-133 (1996).
Properties: Deep yellow prisms or needles from DMF. Dec gradually above 170°. uv max (methanol): 406, 382, 363, 345 nm. [a]D24 +333° (acidic DMF); -33.6° (0.1N methanolic HCl). Insol in water at pH 6 to 7. Soly at pH 2 or pH 11 in water: about 0.1 mg/ml. Water soly increased by sodium desoxycholate. Soly in DMF 2 to 4 mg/ml; in DMF + HCl: 60 to 80 mg/ml; in DMSO: 30 to 40 mg/ml. Solids and solns appear stable for long periods between pH 4 and 10 when stored at moderate temps out of contact with light and air. LD50 in mice (mg/kg): 88 i.p., 4 i.v. (Keim).
Optical Rotation: [a]D24 +333° (acidic DMF); -33.6° (0.1N methanolic HCl)
Absorption maximum: uv max (methanol): 406, 382, 363, 345 nm
Toxicity data: LD50 in mice (mg/kg): 88 i.p., 4 i.v. (Keim)
 
Derivative Type: Compd with cholesteryl sulfate
CAS Registry Number: 120895-52-5
CAS Name: Amphotericin B compd with (3b)-cholest-5-en-3-yl hydrogen sulfate (1:1)
Synonyms: amphotericin B colloidal dispersion; ABCD
Trademarks: Amphocil (Zeneca)
Literature References: Reviews: L. S. S. Guo, P. K. Working, J. Liposome Res. 3, 473-490 (1993); D. A. Stevens, J. Infect. 28, Suppl.1, 45-49 (1994).
Properties: Forms uniform disc-shaped particles in aq media.
 
Derivative Type: Liposomal complex
Trademarks: AmBisome (Nexstar)
Literature References: Unilamellar liposomes containing phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, distearoylphosphatidylglycerol and amphotericin B in a molar ratio of 2: 1:0.8:0.4. Review: R. J. Hay, J. Infect. 28, Suppl. 1, 35-43.
 
Derivative Type: Amphotericin B lipid complex
Synonyms: ABLC
Trademarks: Abelcet (Liposome Co.)
Literature References: Complex with 2 phospholipids, L-a-dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine and L-a-dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol, which are present in a 7:3 molar ratio. Review: J. Lister, Eur. J. Haematol. Suppl. 57, 18-23 (1996).
 
Therap-Cat: Antifungal.
Therap-Cat-Vet: Antifungal.
Keywords: Antifungal (Antibiotics); Polyenes.