Title: Glucagon-Like Peptides
Literature References: Bioactive peptides (GLP-1 and GLP-2) encoded within the preproglucagon gene; formed by tissue-specific, post-translational processing of proglucagon by intestinal L-cells. GLP-1 is a potent glucose-dependent stimulator of insulin secretion (incretin) and is released into the circulation in response to a meal. GLP-1 is also found in the brain and may have a role in regulating food and water intake. GLP-2 has growth-promoting effects on intestinal epithelium. Identification in hamster preproglucagon: G. I. Bell
et al., Nature 302, 716 (1983); in human:
idem et al., ibid. 304, 368 (1983).
Reviews: D. J. Drucker,
Diabetes 47, 159-169 (1998); T. J. Kieffer, J. F. Habener,
Endocr. Rev. 20, 876-913 (1999).
Derivative Type: GLP-1
CAS Registry Number: 89750-14-1
CAS Name: Glucagon-like peptide I
Synonyms: glucagon-related peptide I
Literature References: Originally identified as a 37 amino acid peptide, GLP-1 (1-37), that is truncated to the bioactive forms, GLP-1 (7-37) and GLP-1 (7-36) amide. Stimulates insulin secretion, suppresses glucagon secretion and delays gastric emptying. Identification of active structure: S. Mojsov
et al., J. Clin. Invest. 79, 616 (1987). Role in appetite control: I. Gunn
et al., J. Endocrinol. 155, 197-200 (1997). Review of physiology and therapeutic potential in diabetes: M. A. Nauck,
Acta Diabetol. 35, 117-129 (1998); J. J. Holst,
Curr. Med. Chem. 6, 1005-1017 (1999).
Derivative Type: GLP-2
CAS Registry Number: 89750-15-2
CAS Name: Glucagon-like peptide II
Synonyms: glucagon-related peptide II
Literature References: Sequence contains 33 amino acid residues. Identification of bioactivity: D. J. Drucker
et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 7911 (1996). Review of biological properties and therapeutic potential:
idem et al., J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr. 23, Suppl., S98-S100 (1999).