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CAS No 7440-56-4 , germanium

  • Name: germanium
  • Synonyms: Germanium element;germanium; 7782-65-2; germanio; Germanium; Ge(4+); EINECS 231-164-3; 7440-56-4; germide; HSDB 2118; metal powder;
  • CAS Registry Number:
  • Transport: UN 3089
  • Melting Point: 937 ºC
  • Boiling Point: 2830 ºC
  • Density: 5.35
  • Water Solubility: slightly soluble in strong acids
  • Safety Statements: R11;R36/38
  • Hazard Symbols: Xi: Irritant;F: Flammable;
  • EINECS: 231-164-3
  • Molecular Weight: 72.64
  • InchiKey: GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • InChI: InChI=1S/Ge
  • Risk Statements: S2;S26
  • Molecular Formula: Ge
  • Molecular Structure:CAS No:7440-56-4 germanium
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7440-56-4 GERMANIUM POWDER

  • GERMANIUM POWDER, 99.999%
  • United States INTERNATIONAL LABORATORY LIMITED [Manufacturer]
  • Tel: ( 650 ) 278-9963
  • Fax: ( 650 ) 589-2786
  • Address: 1067 SNEATH LN SAN BRUNO CA 94066, USA SAN BRUNOUNITED STATES SAN BRUNO,nullUnited States
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7440-56-4 Germanium atomic absorption standard solution

  • China Ruiyuan Group Limited [Manufacturers]
  • Tel: +86-21-50456736
  • Fax: +86-21-60853441
  • Address: No.188, Zhangyang Road, Pudong, Shanghai 200122, null,nullChina
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7440-56-4 Germanium atomic absorption standard solution

  • Hong kong ADVANCED TECH. & IND. CO., LTD. [Distributor/Wholesaler]
  • Tel: 86-23902293
  • Fax: 86-27898314
  • Address: UNIT B, 1/F, CHEONG SHING IND. BLDG., 17 WALNUT ST., TAI KOK TSUI, KLN, HONG KONG Hong Kong,nilHong kong
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7440-56-4 Germanium powder

  • Germanium powder, (99.9999%)
  • United States Strem Chemicals, Inc. [Manufacturer]
  • Tel: (978) 499-1600/ (800) 647-8736
  • Fax: (978) 465-3104
  • Address: 7 Mulliken Way
    Newburyport, MA 01950-4098 null,nullUnited States
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7440-56-4 GERMANIUM WAFER - 25mm dia.

  • GERMANIUM WAFER - 25mm dia.
  • United States Gelest, Inc. [Manufacturer]
  • Tel: 215-547-1015
  • Fax: 215-547-2484
  • Address: Gelest, Inc.
    11 East Steel Road
    Morrisville, PA 19067 null,nullUnited States
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7440-56-4 Germanium

  • Germanium
  • India CHEMPURE [Manufacturer]
  • Tel: 0091-22-26764461/ 0091-22-26764462
  • Fax: 0091-22-26764023
  • Address: 328,Ashirwad Industrial Estate Bldg No.3 Ram Mandir Road,Goregaon (West) Mumbai- 400104 India Tel:0091-22-26764461 0091-22-26764462 0091-22-26764139 Fax:0091-22-26764023 Cell: 09821531478 email: chempure@bom2.vsnl.net.in 400104 MUMBAI MUMBAI,nullIndia
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7440-56-4 Germanium

  • United States GFS Chemicals, Inc. [Manufacturer]
  • Tel: 800-858-9682/ 740-881-5501
  • Fax: 740-881-5989
  • Address: GFS Chemicals, Inc.
    P.O. Box 245
    Powell, OH 43065 null,nullUnited States
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7440-56-4 Germanium Metal Powder

  • United States NOAH TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION null
  • Tel: +1-210-6912000
  • Fax: +1-210-6912600
  • Address: 1 Noah Park, San Antonio, TX 78249-3419 null,nullUnited States
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7440-56-4 Germanium pieces, 99.999%

  • Germanium pieces, 99.999%
  • United States MV Laboratories, Inc. [Manufacturer]
  • Tel: 908-788-6906
  • Fax: 908-788-1746
  • Address: MV Laboratories, Inc.
    843 Route 12 West, Suite B17
    Frenchtown, NJ 08825 null,nullUnited States
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7440-56-4 (0553) GERMANIUM

  • Germany Fox Chemicals GmbH [Manufacturer]
  • Tel: +49.7240.927151/ +49.160.95781845 (Mobile)
  • Fax: +49.7240.927150
  • Address: Fox Chemicals GmbH
    Bockstalstr.10 A
    D-76327 Pfinztal-Germany null,nullGermany
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References of germanium
Title: Germanium
CAS Registry Number: 7440-56-4
Literature References: Ge; at. wt 72.61; at. no. 32; valences 4, 2. Group IVA (14). Five naturally occurring isotopes: 70 (20.55%); 72 (27.37%); 73 (7.67%); 74 (36.74%); 76 (7.67%); artificial, radioactive isotopes: 65-69; 71; 75; 77; 78. Extent of occurrence in the earth's crust about 0.0007%. Predicted and called ekasilicon by Mendeléeff. Discovered in 1886 by Clemens Winkler: J. Prakt. Chem. 34, 177 (1886). Obtained industrially from the flue dusts of smelters processing zinc-bearing ores: Jaffee et al., Trans. Electrochem. Soc. 89, 277 (1946). Purification by zone refining: Pfann, J. Met. 4, 747 (1952). Physical properties: Hassion et al., J. Phys. Chem. 59, 1076 (1955). Inhalation toxicity studies: J. H. E. Arts et al., Food Chem. Toxicol. 28, 571 (1990). Review and description of modern isolation techniques: Pirest in L. P. Hunter, Handbook of Semiconductor Electronics (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1956), section 6. Comprehensive monograph: V. I. Davydov, Germanium (Gordon & Breach, New York, 1966) 417 pp. Reviews: Rochow in Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry vol. 2, J. C. Bailar, Jr. et al., Eds. (Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1973) pp 1-41; J. H. Adams in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology vol. 11 (Wiley-Interscience, New York, 3rd ed., 1980) pp 791-802.
Properties: Grayish-white, lustrous, brittle metalloid. Diamond-cubic structure when cryst. Poor conductor of electricity. d425 5.323. Reported melting points range from 925-975°; best value 937.2° (Hassion). Vol smaller by a few % when molten. bp 2700°. Thermal expansion coefficient (at ~25°): 6.1 ′ 10-6/°C. Thermal conductivity (at 25°): 0.14 cal/sec cm/°C. Specific heat (0-100°): 0.074 cal/g/°C. Lattice constant at 25°: 5.657 ′ 10-8 cm. Atoms/cc = 4.42 ′ 1022. Volume compressibility: 1.3 ′ 10-12 cm2/dyn. Dielectric constant: 16. Covalent bond ionization energy at 0 K = 1.2 ev. Band gap: 0.67 ev. Impurity atom ionization energy: ~0.01 ev. Intrinsic resistivity at 300 K = 47 ohm-cm. Electron mobility at 300 K = 3900 cm2/v sec. Hole mobility at 300 K = 1900 cm/v sec. Magnetic (mass) susceptibility (c ′ 106) = -0.12. Intrinsic charge density at 300 K = 2.4 ′ 1013. Electron diffusion constant at 300 K = 100. Hole diffusion constant at 300 K = 49. Insol in water, hydrochloric acid, dil alkali hydroxides. Attacked by aqua regia, concd nitric or sulfuric acids, fused alkalies, alkali peroxides, nitrates, or carbonates. Relatively stable, unaffected by air, becomes oxidized above 600°; is slowly oxidized by hydrogen peroxide at room temp, fairly rapidly at 90°; is attacked by hydrogen above 1000°. When finely divided, burns in chlorine or bromine.
Melting point: melting points range from 925-975°; best value 937.2° (Hassion)
Boiling point: bp 2700°
Density: d425 5.323
Use: In electronics: Manuf rectifying devices (germanium diodes), transistors, in red-fluorescing phosphors; in dental alloys; in the production of glass capable of transmitting infrared radiation. Review of uses: Aldington, Cumming, Endeavour 14, 200-204 (1955); New Uses for Germanium, F. I. Metz, Ed. (Midwest Research Institute, 1974) 120 pp.
Therap-Cat-Vet: Astringent (intestinal).