Title: Acetylcysteine
CAS Registry Number: 616-91-1
CAS Name: N-Acetyl-L-cysteine
Synonyms: L-a-acetamido-b-mercaptopropionic acid;
N-acetyl-3-mercaptoalanine
Trademarks: Acetadote (Cumberland); Brunac (Bruschettini); Fabrol (Zyma); Fluimucil (Zambon); Fluprowit (Thiemann); Mucocedyl (3M); Mucolator (Abbott); Mucomyst (BMS); Muco Sanigen (Thiemann); Mucosil (Dey); Mucret (Pharma-Stern); Neo-Fluimucil (Zambon); Parvolex (Evans); Tixair (Madaus)
Molecular Formula: C5H9NO3S
Molecular Weight: 163.19
Percent Composition: C 36.80%, H 5.56%, N 8.58%, O 29.41%, S 19.65%
Literature References: Thiol-containing antioxidant. Prepn: Smith, Gorin,
J. Org. Chem. 26, 820 (1961). Prepn and use in treatment of respiratory diseases: Martin, Waller,
US 3184505 (1965 to Mead Johnson). Effect in corneal healing: F. Menna
et al., Bull. Mem. Soc. Fr. Opthalmol. 94, 425 (1982); G. Petroutsos
et al., Ophthalmic Res. 14, 241 (1982). Toxicity: E. I. Goldenthal,
Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 18, 185 (1971). Clinical trial in acetaminophen overdose: M. J. Smilkstein
et al., N. Engl. J. Med. 319, 1557 (1988); as renal protectant with radiocontrast agents: M. Tepel
et al., ibid. 343, 180 (2000).
Review: G. R. McKinney, G. M. Sisson, in
Pharmacological and Biochemical Properties of Drug Substances vol. 2, M. E. Goldberg, Ed. (Am. Pharm. Assoc., Washington, DC, 1979) pp 479-488. Review of use in clinical toxicology: R. J. Flanagan, T. J. Meredith,
Am. J. Med. 91, Suppl. 3C, 131S-139S (1991).
Properties: Crystals from water, mp 109-110°. LD50 orally in rats: 5050 mg/kg (Goldenthal).
Melting point: mp 109-110°
Toxicity data: LD50 orally in rats: 5050 mg/kg (Goldenthal)
Therap-Cat: Mucolytic; corneal vulnerary; antidote (acetaminophen poisoning).
Therap-Cat-Vet: Expectorant.
Keywords: Antidote (Acetaminophen Poisoning); Mucolytic; Vulnerary.
