Title: Vancomycin
CAS Registry Number: 1404-90-6
Molecular Formula: C66H75Cl2N9O24
Molecular Weight: 1449.25
Percent Composition: C 54.70%, H 5.22%, Cl 4.89%, N 8.70%, O 26.50%
Literature References: Amphoteric glycopeptide antibiotic produced by
Streptomyces orientalis discovered in soil from Borneo. Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to peptidoglycan. Isoln: M. H. McCormick
et al., Antibiot. Annu. 1955-56, 606;
eidem, US 3067099 (1962 to Lilly). Pharmacology and toxicology: R. C. Anderson
et al., Antibiot. Annu. 1956-57, 75. Purif: H. M. Higgins
et al., ibid. 1957-58, 906. Structure studies: F. J. Marshall,
J. Med. Chem. 8, 18 (1965); W. D. Weringa
et al., J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1 1972, 443; K. A. Smith
et al., ibid. 1974, 2369. Total structure determination by x-ray analysis: G. M. Sheldrick
et al., Nature 271, 223 (1978). Revised configuration: M. P. Williamson, D. H. Williams,
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 103, 6580 (1981). Further revision of structure: C. M. Harris
et al., ibid. 105, 6915 (1983). Total synthesis: K. C. Nicolaou
et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 38, 240 (1999). Review of mechanism of action studies: H. P. Perkins, M. Nieto,
Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 235, 348-363 (1974). Series of articles on antimicrobial activity, pharmacokinetics and clinical usage:
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 14, Suppl. D, 1-109 (1984). HPLC determn in serum: L. Li
et al., Ther. Drug Monit. 17, 366 (1995). Review of clinical experience: B. A. Cunha,
Med. Clin. North Am. 79, 817-831 (1995).
Derivative Type: Monohydrochloride
CAS Registry Number: 1404-93-9
Trademarks: Lyphocin (Fujisawa); Vanco (Bayer); Vancocin (Lilly)
Molecular Formula: C66H75Cl2N9O24.HCl
Molecular Weight: 1485.71
Percent Composition: C 53.36%, H 5.16%, Cl 7.16%, N 8.48%, O 25.85%
Properties: White solid; uv max (H2O): 282 nm (E1%1cm 40). Soly in water: >100 mg/ml. Moderately sol in dil methanol. Insol in the higher alcohols, acetone, ether. LD50 in mice (mg/kg): 489 i.v.; 1734 i.p.; 5000 s.c.; 5000 orally (Anderson).
Absorption maximum: uv max (H2O): 282 nm (E1%1cm 40)
Toxicity data: LD50 in mice (mg/kg): 489 i.v.; 1734 i.p.; 5000 s.c.; 5000 orally (Anderson)
Therap-Cat: Antibacterial.
Keywords: Antibacterial (Antibiotics); Polypeptides.
