Title: Amyloid b Peptide
Synonyms: Ab; b/A4; b-amyloid protein
Literature References: A 39-43 residue peptide deposited into the extracellular amyloid or senile plaques characterizing Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome. Mol wt approx 4,200. Multiple isoforms exist, the most predominant are 40 and 42 amino acids in length. Natural component of cerebrospinal fluid and blood plasma; sol under normal conditions. Forms insol, cytotoxic fibrillar plaques and aggregates in diseased brains. Derived from the proteolysis of
amyloid precursor protein by proteases known as
secretases. Purification and characterization: G. G. Glenner, C. W. Wong,
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 120, 885 (1984); C. L. Masters
et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82, 4245 (1985). Structure and neurotoxicity studies: L. K. Simmons
et al., Mol. Pharmacol. 45, 373 (1994); C. J. Pike
et al., J. Neurochem. 64, 253 (1995). Brain accumulation of Ab during aging and in Alzheimer's disease: H. Funato
et al., Am. J. Pathol. 152, 1633 (1998). Role of soluble oligomers in Alzheimer's disease: R. Kayed
et al., Science 300, 486 (2003). Soly study of Ab40: P. Sengupta
et al., Biochemistry 42, 10506 (2003). Oligomerization study: G. Bitan
et al., J. Biol. Chem. 278, 34882 (2003). Clinical evaluation of immunization with aggregated Ab42 in Alzheimer's disease: C. Hock
et al., Neuron 38, 547 (2003). Series of articles:
J. Struct. Biol. 130, 87-371 (2000). Review of solid state NMR studies: R. Tycko,
Biochemistry 42, 3151-3159 (2003). Reviews of role in Alzheimer's disease: C. L. Joachim, D. J. Selkoe,
Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Disord. 6, 7-34 (1992). D. H. Small, C. A. McLean,
J. Neurochem. 73, 443-449 (1999); D. A. Butterfield
et al., Trends Mol. Med. 7, 548-554 (2001); W. I. Rosenblum,
Neurobiol. Aging 23, 225-230 (2002); T. E. Golde
et al., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1502, 172-187 (2002).
Derivative Type: Ab40
CAS Registry Number: 131438-79-4
Synonyms: Human b-amyloid peptide (1-40)
Derivative Type: Ab42
CAS Registry Number: 107761-42-2
Synonyms: Human b-amyloid peptide (1-42)