Title: Spiramycin
CAS Registry Number: 8025-81-8
Manufacturers' Codes: RP-5337
Trademarks: Selectomycin (Grñenthal); Rovamicina (RPR); Rovamycin (RPR)
Literature References: Antibiotic substance classified in the erythromycin-carbomycin group and produced by
Streptomyces ambofaciens from soil of northern France: Cosar
et al., C.R. Seances Soc. Biol. Ses Fil. 234, 1498 (1952); Pinnert-Sindico
et al., Antibiot. Annu. 1954-1955, 724; Ninet, Verrier,
US 2943023 (1960 to Rh?ne-Poulenc),
see also US 3000785 (1961 to Rh?ne-Poulenc). Antibacterial activity and toxicity: H. Sous
et al., Arzneim.-Forsch. 8, 386 (1958). Separation into 3 components named spiramycin I, II and III: Preud'homme, Charpentier,
US 2978380 and
US 3011947 (1961 to Rh?ne-Poulenc). Structure: Kuehne, Benson,
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 87, 4660 (1965). Revised structure: Omura
et al., ibid. 91, 3401 (1969); Mitscher
et al., J. Antibiot. 26, 55 (1973). Revised configuration at C-9: Freiberg
et al., J. Org. Chem. 39, 2474 (1974). Symposium on pharmacology, antibacterial spectrum, and clinical efficacy:
J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 22, Suppl. B, 1-213 (1988).
Properties: Amorphous base, slightly sol in water. [a]D20 -80° (methanol). uv max (ethanol): 231 nm. Sol in most organic solvents. Active on gram-positive bacteria and rickettsiae. Cross resistance between microorganisms resistant to erythromycin and carbomycin. LD50 in rats (mg/kg): 9400 orally; 1000 s.c.; 170 i.v. (Sous).
Optical Rotation: [a]D20 -80° (methanol)
Absorption maximum: uv max (ethanol): 231 nm
Toxicity data: LD50 in rats (mg/kg): 9400 orally; 1000 s.c.; 170 i.v. (Sous)
Derivative Type: Embonate
Trademarks: Spira 200 (RMB)
Derivative Type: Hexanedioate
Synonyms: Spiramycin adipate
Trademarks: Stomamycin (Chassot); Suanovil (Biokema)
Derivative Type: Spiramycin I
CAS Registry Number: 24916-50-5
Synonyms: Foromacidin A
Molecular Formula: C43H74N2O14
Molecular Weight: 843.05
Percent Composition: C 61.26%, H 8.85%, N 3.32%, O 26.57%
Properties: Crystals, mp 134-137°. [a]D20 -96°.
Melting point: mp 134-137°
Optical Rotation: [a]D20 -96°
Derivative Type: Spiramycin I triacetate
Properties: Crystals, mp 140-142°. [a]D20 -92.5°.
Melting point: mp 140-142°
Optical Rotation: [a]D20 -92.5°
Derivative Type: Spiramycin II
CAS Registry Number: 24916-51-6
Synonyms: Foromacidin B
Molecular Formula: C45H76N2O15
Molecular Weight: 885.09
Percent Composition: C 61.07%, H 8.65%, N 3.17%, O 27.11%
Properties: Crystals, mp 130-133°. [a]D20 -86°.
Melting point: mp 130-133°
Optical Rotation: [a]D20 -86°
Derivative Type: Spiramycin II diacetate
Properties: Crystals from cyclohexane, mp 156-160°. [a]D20 -98.4°.
Melting point: mp 156-160°
Optical Rotation: [a]D20 -98.4°
Derivative Type: Spiramycin III
CAS Registry Number: 24916-52-7
Synonyms: Foromacidin C
Molecular Formula: C46H78N2O15
Molecular Weight: 899.12
Percent Composition: C 61.45%, H 8.74%, N 3.12%, O 26.69%
Properties: Crystals, mp 128-131°. [a]D20 -83°.
Melting point: mp 128-131°
Optical Rotation: [a]D20 -83°
Derivative Type: Spiramycin III diacetate
Properties: Crystals from cyclohexane, mp 140-142°. [a]D20 -90.4°.
Melting point: mp 140-142°
Optical Rotation: [a]D20 -90.4°
Therap-Cat: Antibacterial.
Therap-Cat-Vet: Antibacterial; growth promotant.
Keywords: Antibacterial (Antibiotics); Macrolides.
