Title: D-Galactose
CAS Registry Number: 59-23-4
Synonyms: Cerebrose; brain sugar
Molecular Formula: C6H12O6
Molecular Weight: 180.16
Percent Composition: C 40.00%, H 6.71%, O 53.28%
Literature References: Constituent of many oligo- and polysaccharides occurring in pectins, gums, and mucilages. Prepn: Kent, Tollens,
Ann. 227, 224 (1885); E. P. Clark,
J. Biol. Chem. 47, 2 (1921). Mutarotation and purification of b-form: C. S. Hudson, E. Yanosky,
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 39, 1021 (1917). Structural configuration: J. Pryde,
J. Chem. Soc. 123, 1809 (1923); W. Charlton
et al., ibid. 1926, 94; W. N. Haworth
et al., ibid. 1927, 2428; E. L. Jackson, C. S. Hudson,
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 59, 994 (1937); R. M. Hann
et al., ibid. 66, 1912 (1944). Isoln in the processing of the red algae,
Porphyra umbilicalis: S. Peat
et al., J. Chem. Soc. 1961, 1590.
Review: W. Pigman,
The Carbohydrates (Academic Press, New York, 1957) pp 88-90. Review of diagnostic use: W. J. Schirmer
et al., J. Surg. Res. 41, 543 (1986).
Derivative Type: a-Form
Properties: Prisms from water or ethanol, mp 167°. [a]D +150.7° ? +80.2° (water). Soluble in about 0.5 parts water; freely sol in hot water; final soly in water at 25° = 68%; sol in pyridine; slightly sol in alcohol.
Melting point: mp 167°
Optical Rotation: [a]D +150.7° ? +80.2° (water)
Derivative Type: b-Form
Properties: Crystals, mp 167°. [a]D +52.8° ? +80.2° (water). Sol in 1.7 parts water at 17°.
Melting point: mp 167°
Optical Rotation: [a]D +52.8° ? +80.2° (water)
Derivative Type: Monohydrate
Properties: Prisms from water, mp 118-120°.
Melting point: mp 118-120°
Derivative Type: Microparticulate Form
CAS Registry Number: 90881-70-2
Manufacturers' Codes: SH U 454
Trademarks: Echovist (Schering)
Literature References: Suspension of galactose microparticle granules in a galactose solution. Prepn: J. S. Rasor, E. G. Tickner,
EP 131540 (1985 to Schering). Series of articles on
in vivo use in echocardiography:
Arzneim.-Forsch. 36, 1030-1040 (1986). Review of formulations and clinical diagnostic use: R. Schürmann, R. Schlief,
Radiol. Med. 87, Suppl. 1, 15-23 (1994).
Derivative Type: Transpulmonary Microparticulate Form
CAS Registry Number: 144046-30-0
Manufacturers' Codes: SH U 508A
Trademarks: Levovist (Schering)
Literature References: Suspension of galactose microparticle granules containing 0.1% physiologic palmitic acid in a sterile water solution.
Therap-Cat: Diagnostic aid (hepatic function). Microparticulate forms as diagnostic aid (ultrasound contrast agent).
Keywords: Diagnostic Aid.
